Understanding Liposuction: What is Liposuction? Liposuction, also known as lipoplasty or body contouring surgery, is a cosmetic procedure that involves the removal of excess fat deposits through suction. It is typically performed by a board-certified plastic surgeon under general or local anesthesia. Liposuction targets specific areas of the body, such as the abdomen, thighs, hips, arms, or...